98th Auction

Bernd Schlimper, Düsseldorf, Germany Walter Glaser, Basel, Switzerland (2000) Zemanek-Münster, Würzburg, 26 February 2005, Lot 146 Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany

Jean-Pierre Laprugne, Paris, France Mamadou Keita, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (1982) Zemanek-Münster, Würzburg, 25 February 2006, Lot 150 Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany

Sotheby's, London, 24 June1992, Lot 182 Lance Entwistle, London, Great Britain (Label "J 54") Zemanek-Münster, Würzburg, 14 March 2009, Lot 224 (catalogue cover) Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany

Ketterer, Munich, 15 December 1990, Lot 330 Karl-Ferdinand Schädler, Munich, Germany Zemanek-Münster, Würzburg, 5 December 1998, Lot 18 Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany

Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany

Rolf Kunitsch, Münster, Germany Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany

Hans Koller, St. Gallen, Switzerland Zemanek-Münster, Würzburg, 11 September 2004, Lot 1007 Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany

Wolfgang Klein, Vienna, Austria Zemanek-Münster, Würzburg, 23 September 2006, Lot 194 Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany

David Henninger, Haguenau, France Zemanek-Münster, Würzburg, 12 May 2007, Lot 281 Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany

Wolfgang Klein, Vienna, Austria Zemanek-Münster, Würzburg, 9 March 2013, Lot 359 Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany

Roland de Montaigu (1925-1990?), Paris / New York City, USA Walter Glaser, Basel, Switzerland Zemanek-Münster, Würzburg, 20 September 2003, Lot 205 Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany

Bernd Schlimper, Düsseldorf, Germany Walter Glaser, Basel, Switzerland (2000) Zemanek-Münster, Würzburg, 26 February 2005, Lot 173 Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany

Galerie Schwarz-Weiß, Essen, Germany (1969) Zemanek-Münster, Würzburg, 24 February 2007, Lot 434 Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany

Walter Glaser, Basel, Switzerland Arnold Bamert, Solothurn, Switzerland Zemanek-Münster, Würzburg, 25 February 2006, Lot 173 Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany

Wolfgang Grützmann, Bad Kissingen, Germany Zemanek-Münster, Würzburg, 26 June 1999, Lot 425 Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany

Baron Alfons von Verwilgen (1967) Gert Stoll, Berchtesgaden, Germany Zemanek-Münster, Würzburg, 24 November 2007, Lot 146 Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany

Joris & Herma Visser, Brussels, Belgium (2003) Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany

Ian Arundel, Los Angeles, USA Christie's, Paris, 7 December 2006, Lot 74 Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany

Loed van Bussel, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Ludwig Bretschneider, Munich, Germany Galerie Schwarz-Weiß, Essen, Germany Dieter Blum, Düseldorf, Germany Gert Stoll, Berchtesgaden, Germany Zemanek-Münster, Würzburg, 20 May 2006, Lot 249 Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany Ludwig Bretschneider (1909-1987) was the son of a Munich art and antiques dealer and initially worked in his mother's shop as a young man. When he put an ethnological object in the shop window there, the artist Klaus Clausmeyer (1878-1968) happened to pass by and asked him if he had any more such objects. That was the initial spark for Bretschneider's trade in African art. In 1928 he went into business for himself. Clausmeyer became Bretschneider's mentor and his friendship with the famous stage designer Preetorius (1883-1973) also gave him access to the right circles. From 1955, Bretschneider was the head of the Art and Antiques Fair in Munich, and in this function he was, to a certain extent, the "top dog" for African art in Germany. After the Second World War, Bretschneider sourced his African objects mainly from the Kegel-Konietzko company and from the London dealer Paul Wengraf. He was also known for buying objects from museums, for example the Linden Museum in Stuttgart. He travelled to Amsterdam every three months to look for objects at Jacques Vecht, the Alderinck art dealer, Loed van Bussel (1935-2018) and, occasionally, Leendert van Lier. Bretschneider created a market for tribal art in Munich - he "recruited a staff of collectors himself and created a flourishing market for ethnography". Ludwig Bretschneider's estate was auctioned by the Nagel auction house in 1999.

Roland Hartmann, St. Gallen, Switzerland Zemanek-Münster, Würzburg, 15 November 2008, Lot 91 Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany

Old American Collection Frank Bell, Cologne, Germany Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany (2018)

Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany (2002)

Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany (2002)

Wilhelm Mückenhausen, Frontenhausen, Germany Zemanek-Münster, Würzburg, 24 February 2001, Lot 610 Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany

Zemanek-Münster, Würzburg, 25 November 2006, Lot 174 Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany

Robert Lewitzki, Celle, Germany Helga Redlich, Gelsenkirchen, Germany Zemanek-Münster, Würzburg, 23 February 2002, Lot 358 Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany

Pierre Langlois, Paris, France Baudouin de Grunne, Wezembeek-Oppem, Belgium Pierre Dartevelle, Brussels, Belgium (2009) Zemanek-Münster, Würzburg, 19 June 2010, Lot 369 Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany

El Hadj Amadou Yende, Foumban, Cameroon Karl-Ferdinand Schädler, Munich, Germany (acquired from the above in the late 1960s or early 1970s, prior to 1973) Rolf Kunitsch, Münster, Germany Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany

Zemanek-Münster, Würzburg, 22 April 1997, Lot 347 Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany

Zemanek-Münster, Würzburg, 2 December 1996, Lot 332 Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany

Agnes Harap, Cologne, Germany Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany (1997)

Zemanek-Münster, Würzburg, 5 March 2011, Lot 310 Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany

Joseph Christiaens, Brussels, Belgium Zemanek-Münster, Würzburg, 25 February 2006, lot 254 Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany

American Collection, San Francisco Ingo Evers, Bonn, Germany Zemanek-Münster, Würzburg, 15 June 2002, Lot 439 Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany

Jan Visser (1944-2003), Amsterdam, The Netherlands Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany (2001)

Colonial Collection, Belgium Howard Nowes, New York, USA Zemanek-Münster, Würzburg, 5 March 2011, Lot 345 Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany

Constant Permeke (1886-1952), Belgium, sold by his grandson James (Joopie) Permeke Pierre Dartevelle, Brussels, Belgium Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany (2013)

Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany (2003)

Joseph Christiaens, Brussels, Belgium Zemanek-Münster, Würzburg, 10 September 2005, Lot 386 Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany

Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany

Helga Redlich, Gelsenkirchen, Germany Zemanek-Münster, Würzburg, 15 June 2002, Lot 491 Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany

Zemanek-Münster, Würzburg, 19 June 2010, Lot 483 Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany

Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany (2002)

Carlo Pieters, Brasschaat, Belgium David Norden, Antwerp, Belgium Zemanek-Münster, Würzburg, 22 February 2003, Lot 520 Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany

Karl-Heinz Grunwald, Berlin, Germany Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany (2001)

Joseph Christiaens, Brussels, Belgium Zemanek-Münster, Würzburg, 11 September 2004, Lot 1299 Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany

Zemanek-Münster, Würzburg, 10 September 2005, Lot 407 Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany

Toni Dähler, Basel, Switzerland Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany (2006)

Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany (2002)

R. Rummel, Germany Heinz Seeliger (1920-1997), Würzburg, Germany Zemanek-Münster, Würzburg, 27 November 2010, Lot 342 Werner Zintl, Worms, Germany